Eating Disorders and Neurodivergence
Eating disorders are complex mental health conditions that affect many people, but those who are neurodivergent—such as individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and other neurological differences—face distinct challenges that can complicate diagnosis, treatment, and recovery.
Why Are Neurodivergent Individuals at Increased Risk?
Neurodivergent individuals often experience sensory sensitivities, rigid thinking patterns, and difficulties with emotional regulation. These factors can contribute to the development or maintenance of disordered eating behaviors. For example, sensory sensitivities common in autism may lead to selective eating or restrictive food preferences, overlapping with avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) (Kinnaird, Stewart, & Tchanturia, 2019).
Common Eating Disorders in Neurodivergent Individuals
Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder (ARFID): Characterized by limited food intake due to sensory sensitivities or fear of adverse consequences.
Anorexia Nervosa: Higher rates of autistic traits have been identified in individuals with anorexia, suggesting an overlap that requires specialized care.
Other Disordered Eating Patterns: Including bulimia and binge eating, with challenges around accessing suitable treatment.
Barriers to Care and Why Inclusive Support Matters
Traditional treatments for eating disorders often rely on cognitive and behavioral strategies that may not suit the needs of neurodivergent individuals, who might process information differently or require accommodations for sensory sensitivities and communication preferences (Kerr-Gaffney et al., 2020).
At BodyKind Vail, we recognize these unique needs and are committed to fostering an inclusive, supportive environment. Our programs strive to create safe spaces that honor diverse experiences and provide tailored peer support, understanding that every person’s recovery journey is different.
Our goal is to break down barriers and ensure that neurodivergent individuals impacted by eating disorders receive compassionate, accessible support.
Resources and Support
Several organizations offer valuable resources for those navigating the intersection of neurodiversity and eating disorders, including:
Autism Speaks: Information on sensory-related eating challenges and ARFID.
National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA): Resources specifically for neurodivergent individuals and their families.
References
Kerr-Gaffney, J., Harrison, A., & Tchanturia, K. (2020). Autism Spectrum Disorder and Eating Disorders: Clinical and Treatment Implications. Current Psychiatry Reports, 22(9), 45. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11920-020-01189-7
Kinnaird, E., Stewart, C., & Tchanturia, K. (2019). Investigating Autistic Traits in Eating Disorders: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. European Eating Disorders Review, 27(1), 33-45. https://doi.org/10.1002/erv.2598
National Eating Disorders Association (NEDA). (n.d.). Neurodiversity & Eating Disorders. https://www.nationaleatingdisorders.org/learn/general-information/neurodiversity-eating-disorders
Autism Speaks. (n.d.). Eating and Feeding Challenges in Autism. https://www.autismspeaks.org/eating-and-feeding-challenges-autism
